With Taiwanese economic development and the implementation of National Health Insurance (NHI), Taiwan's medical standards and the quality of healthcare have increased significantly. Foreigners in Taiwan are also able to enjoy high quality medical services.

Foreigners with an Alien Resident Certificate who have resided in Taiwan for four months must enroll in the National Health Insurance program at the local government administration office. Before they are eligible for the NHI program, students can either purchase their own insurance or participate in a temporary health insurance program offered by the OIA.

Foreigners that have lost their residence status because they no longer hold a valid ARC or who are leaving Taiwan permanently, will also lose their right to participate in the NHI program. They must withdraw their subscription to the NHI program through their group insurance applicant (their employer or local administration office), return their NHI card and pay the premiums in full. When traveling overseas for a short period of time, either on business or vacation, foreigners with a valid ARC must remain enrolled in the NHI program.